Year : 2018

Volume : Volume 9

Issue : Issue 1

Address for correspondence :
Dr. Vivek Kumar.
drvivek1909@gmail.com

Abstract

Background:  Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a hydrolase intracellular destruction enzyme in the periodontium.  ALP has often been measured as possible indicators of gingival inflammation and bone metabolism. Hence, the aim of the present study was to estimate and compare salivary alkaline phosphatase levels in healthy controls, generalized gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (healthy) consisted of 20 individuals with healthy gingiva of probing depth ≤3mm, GI =<1, PI=<1  and CAL=0, Group 2 (chronic gingivitis) consisted of 20 individuals who had signs of gingival inflammation with probing depth ≤3mm, GI >1, PI>1  and CAL=0 and Group 3 (chronic periodontitis) consisted of 20 individuals who had signs of clinical inflammation, presence of at least 12 teeth, excluding third molars; and a diagnosis of CP with PPD ≥ 5 mm, GI >1, PI> 1and CAL≥ 3mm. Whole saliva samples were collected and subjected to estimation of salivary alkaline phosphatase levels. The results were analyzed by SPSS and Mann–Whitney analysis. Results: The level of salivary ALP increased as the disease progressed from health to periodontitis. The highest ALP levels from the Saliva were detected in group 3 while the lowest were detected in group 1. The result showed a statistically significant increase in the levels of salivary ALP in periodontitis patients in comparison to healthy group.  Conclusion: The level of alkaline phosphatase was higher in the saliva of chronic periodontitis patients. Salivary ALP may be used as an inflammatory marker for detection of periodontal disease.

Keywords: alkaline phosphatase, enzyme, periodontitis, saliva.