Year : 2024

Volume : Volume 16

Issue : Issue 1

Address for correspondence :
Dr. Apurva Chavan
arnavarvichavan21@gmail.com

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a significant medical condition characterized by repeated episodes of partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. This disorder affects millions globally and is associated with serious health consequences, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic dysfunction, and impaired quality of life. The craniofacial structure plays a pivotal role in airway patency, making orthodontic interventions critical in the management of OSA. This review aims to explore the role of orthodontics in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of OSA. It examines the pathophysiology of OSA, highlighting the anatomical and functional factors contributing to airway obstruction. The clinical presentation and diagnostic methods, including polysomnography and home sleep apnea testing, are discussed. Orthodontic treatment options such as rapid maxillary expansion, mandibular advancement devices, and surgical interventions like maxillomandibular advancement are evaluated for their efficacy in improving airway patency and reducing apnea episodes. The review also underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, integrating orthodontic care with other treatments such as continuous positive airway pressure and weight management strategies. Emerging trends in imaging technologies and genetic research are considered, paving the way for personalized orthodontic interventions. This comprehensive analysis highlights the critical role of orthodontics in enhancing the quality of life for OSA patients through targeted and effective treatment strategies.