Journal of Research and Advancement in Dentistry
Official publication of Magadh University and Kolhan University, Government of Bihar and Jharkhand, India
Official publication of Magadh University and Kolhan University, Government of Bihar and Jharkhand, India
Year : 2021
Volume : Volume 12
Issue : Issue 1
Address for correspondence :
Dr. Mitali Singh.
dhirk160@gmail.com
Background: Oral leukoplakia is the most common precancerous lesion of the oral cavity. Tobacco use is commonly associated with such lesions. Studying the association between occurrence of such lesions and the use of tobacco might help in promoting prevention and intervention based public health initiatives in this region. The following study was conducted to determine the prevalence, distribution viz. a viz. the age, sex & intraoral location of oral leukoplakia in patients attending Dental Hospital at Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. The study population comprised of patients with habits attending Dental Hospital Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. A detailed evaluation comprising of clinical examination and questioning regarding the habit, its type duration etc. was done and the results analyzed by using suitable statistical analysis. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted for a period of one year i.e. from July 2014 to June 2015 and comprised of 3040 habitual tobacco users (chewers and smokers) Lime, Areca nut, & Betel leaf chewers who were interviewed and clinically examined for presence of oral leukoplakia. Patients were segregated into five age groups. The demographic data was recorded and so was a detailed history including the frequency, quantity, type of substance (chewed/smoked) and pattern/mode of consumption pertaining to the habits (chewing or smoking). The data was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social services) 16.0 version. Chi-square Test and student-T Test were used. Results: Among 3040 outpatients, 114(3.75%) patients were diagnosed with oral leukoplakia. It was observed that males were affected more as compared to females in a ratio of 4.35:0.61. The most commonly affected age group was age group (45-54 years) and the most common intraoral location was buccal mucosa (71.92%). Conclusion: The results emphasize the urgent need of interventional programs to further discourage the use of tobacco products and the need for such programs to be made a public health priority. The study also provides baseline data for future studies regarding the prevalence of oral leukoplakia in Gwalior population.
Keywords: Oral leukoplakia, Prevalence, Gwalior.
