Year : 2022

Volume : Volume 13

Issue : Issue 3

Abstract

Background: Ameloblastoma is a true benign odontogenic neoplasm with many classical histological variants, common being follicular and plexiform types. Being a benign odontogenic tumor of epithelial origin, it is a locally aggressive tumor and has a high potential for malignant transformation as well as metastasis. Ameloblastoma has no established preventive measures although the majority of patients are between ages 10 and 60 years.
The treatment of ameloblastoma is focused on surgical resection with a wide margin of normal tissue because of its high propensity for locoregional invasion; but this is often associated with significant patient morbidity. The relatively high recurrence rate of ameloblastoma is influenced by the type of molecular etiological factors, the treatment modality and how early the patient presents for the treatment. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five cases reported in our Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from 2019 to 2021 and were treated with various treatment modalities to minimize post-operative complications and recurrence. Results: We evaluated all the cases and found out that it showed a male predilection affecting mainly the posterior region of the mandible. The histologic predilection in our cases showed that follicular type was the most common followed by plexiform. Conclusion: Ameloblastoma is the most commonly occurring odontogenic tumor in the mandibular body ramus region in the middle age group (multicystic) and in young age group (unicystic). The best treatment of ameloblastoma is aggressive en bloc resection with simultaneous reconstruction.

Keywords: Ameblastoma, Dredging, Enucleation, Recurrence, Resection.